There is an increasing use of aquatic therapy or pool therapy. It is used in treating chronic pain, sports medicine, work conditioning, back rehabilitation, arthritis, as well as many other areas of orthopedics. It is beneficial when limited or non-weight bearing exercise is desirable, or when there is inflammation, pain, muscle guarding, muscle spasm and limited range of motion that may singularly or collectively decrease normal function. Aquatic therapy is also an option for clients who are unable to participate in land-based exercise due to recent surgery, acute orthopedic or neurological impairment. Water provides a controllable environment for re-education of weak muscles and skill development.

Clients report that movement is easier in the water and less painful, promoting earlier rehabilitation. Many experience increased relaxation, a decrease in muscle spasm and pain, and an increase in range of motion and strength. They also report that they feel better after pool therapy and frequently note improvements in performing activities of daily living.